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It was developed by Vladimir Kajalin while working at Crytek and was used for the first time in 2007 by the video game Crysis, also developed by Crytek.

For every pixel on the screen, the pixel shader samples the depth values around the current pixel and tries to compute the amount of occlusion from each of the sampled points.

In order to get high quality results with far fewer reads, sampling is performed using a randomly rotated kernel.

The kernel orientation is repeated every N screen pixels in order to have only high-frequency noise in the final picture.

In the end this high frequency noise is greatly removed by a N x N post-process blurring step taking into account depth discontinuities (using methods such as comparing adjacent normals and depths).

Such a solution allows a reduction in the number of depth samples per pixel to about 16 or fewer while maintaining a high quality result, and allows the use of SSAO in soft real-time applications like computer games.

Proceedings ACM SIGGRAPH Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics and Games.

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Screen Space Ambient Occlusion